使用 HTML 表单验证和约束验证 API

<form>
  <label for="postal-code">Postal Code: </label>
  <input type="text" id="postal-code" />
  <label for="country">Country: </label>
  <select id="country">
    <option value="ch">Switzerland</option>
    <option value="fr">France</option>
    <option value="de">Germany</option>
    <option value="nl">The Netherlands</option>
  </select>
  <input type="submit" value="Validate" />
</form>

const countrySelect = document.getElementById("country");
const postalCodeField = document.getElementById("postal-code");

function checkPostalCode() {
  // For each country, defines the pattern that the postal code has to follow
  const constraints = {
    ch: [
      "^(CH-)?\\d{4}$",
      "Swiss postal codes must have exactly 4 digits: e.g. CH-1950 or 1950",
    ],
    fr: [
      "^(F-)?\\d{5}$",
      "French postal codes must have exactly 5 digits: e.g. F-75012 or 75012",
    ],
    de: [
      "^(D-)?\\d{5}$",
      "German postal codes must have exactly 5 digits: e.g. D-12345 or 12345",
    ],
    nl: [
      "^(NL-)?\\d{4}\\s*([A-RT-Z][A-Z]|S[BCE-RT-Z])$",
      "Dutch postal codes must have exactly 4 digits, followed by 2 letters except SA, SD and SS",
    ],
  };

  // Read the country id
  const country = countrySelect.value;

  // Build the constraint checker
  const constraint = new RegExp(constraints[country][0], "");
  console.log(constraint);

  // Check it!
  if (constraint.test(postalCodeField.value)) {
    // The postal code follows the constraint, we use the ConstraintAPI to tell it
    postalCodeField.setCustomValidity("");
  } else {
    // The postal code doesn't follow the constraint, we use the ConstraintAPI to
    // give a message about the format required for this country
    postalCodeField.setCustomValidity(constraints[country][1]);
  }
}

countrySelect.addEventListener("change", checkPostalCode);
postalCodeField.addEventListener("input", checkPostalCode);

<label for="fs">Select a file smaller than 75 kB: </label>
<input type="file" id="fs" />

const fs = document.getElementById("fs");

function checkFileSize() {
  const files = fs.files;

  // If there is (at least) one file selected
  if (files.length > 0) {
    if (files[0].size > 75 * 1000) {
      // Check the constraint
      fs.setCustomValidity("The selected file must not be larger than 75 kB");
      fs.reportValidity();
      return;
    }
  }
  // No custom constraint violation
  fs.setCustomValidity("");
}

fs.addEventListener("change", checkFileSize);